The student participants of the camp at TSAP Sebanjar listened to an explanation of education issues by Makris Mau, a senior village assistant of Alor regency. Makris invited all students to think about education in the village. Common observation shows that many schools end at 10 am due to teacher shortage. How could it happen? It is not just a matter of limited teaching staff, but also lack of appropriate salary. Compared to Papua, the salary for contract teachers reaches up to two million rupiahs. Moreover, private parties take part in recruiting special teachers considering the importance of education to change a nation.

The resource person then invited students to observe the sources of people’s income and their allocation. For example, after they have incomes from candlenuts, vanilla, fish, livestock, and food crops, what they allocate the money for? Health, micro business, education, or parties? It will be interesting if it is examined because most people work for consumption. Related to economic actors, can we calculate how many entrepreneurs or small entrepreneurs are, and how many people run a kiosk in the village? In urban areas, the service sector is developing fast, from trade and culinary, like in Kalabahi mini square, however the workers are people coming from outside Alor. The condition affects economic development in ​Alor.

The market chain in Alor takes a long stage, so farmers get less benefit. Even though Alor is rich in fishery, no one invested in it, it is in contrast to East Flores. There is a large tuna factory that employs local manpower. Furthermore, Alor has tourism potency but is not well-optimized, for example, Kepa island dan Wolwal are managed by Frenchman, Jawa Toda’s Pantar island is handled by German, and Hirang is also developed by expatriates. Tourism will develop if the private sector takes the role and so does the government as regulator, so it is necessary to invite private investors to Alor. The potency of agriculture, culture, plantation, and forestry in Alor is competitive with other regions. For the reasons above Makris Mau encouraged the participants as well-educated students to return to their origin to contribute positively to village development by complementing mastery of digital technology.

There are several things to do in respond to the requirements above, such as 1) responsive capacity, sensitivity to be responsive to community aspirations; 2) the extractive capacity of the community and village government, namely the ability to mobilize and optimize village assets; 3) regulatory capacity, namely the ability to understand village development regulations; 4) distributive capacity, namely, the ability to share resources, who can work in the development sector, etc, according to the needs of the community; 5) collaborative capacity, that is, the ability of the village government and its citizens to build cooperative networks.

These capacities are the requirements for the participants to assist the improvement of the village government and its apparatus capacity. Now, young people understand the potencies of the village and how to develop it. ***

Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Alor held a two-days camp at TSAP Sebanjar to find out and understand the village's potencies (4-5/11/2022). The activity discussed three materials, namely: 1) Mapping Village Potencies in Alor, 2) Mapping potencies with an Asset-Based Community Development approach, and 3) Mapping the potencies of a marine-based sustainable village.

The village assistant expert for Alor regency, Makris Mau, became the resource person on the first day by describing the welfare conditions of the residents in Alor regency, "There are still 1-5 family heads who are categorized as poor in one village. It affects the growth of village human resources. There are two types of poverty, namely cultural poverty and structural poverty. Structural poverty occurs due to government development policies that are not pro to the community. While cultural poverty refers to poverty that is inherited by family life for generations. He conveyed further, "We may be poor in wealth, but we cannot be poor in performance."

Poor performance is a matter of poor way of thinking, work ethic, communication, responsibility, and cooperation. Talking about village issues, the focus is on how to equalize access for education and health. We need to consider the situation in Alor that many health workers are not willing to work in the villages. Consequently, the government is unable to provide formal work, and many of them become training staff at hospitals and health centers with low salaries, around Rp 200.000 per month.

The resource person shared his experience when he went to one hospital in Alor, one patient could be handled by six health workers due to a surplus of health workers. The low degree of public health potentially contributes to a low human development index. He invited students to think beyond the texts in campus because studying the surrounding social facts is important too.

Stube HEMAT activities through discussion are crucial to hone students' critical power. Sharpening knowledge with textbooks is important, but testing sensitivity in society is more important because not everyone cares about community life in a village.***

The recent activity in the multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Alor collaborated with the youth of Delaki village youth group and KBPM students of Tribuana University. The support from the church and village heads made the activity run smoothly and successfully. Before we started, we had made communication and mapped out the potencies in Delaki village.

Based on the mapping of natural resource potencies, there are several flagship products, such as candlenuts, cashew, black rice, marine fish, and a beach tourism spot with its long and wide shorelines and being a place for turtles to lay their eggs. Meanwhile, the human resources of the village still need to be developed because the undergraduates prefer to find a decent living in a city. In addition, the community's survival ability still relies on traditional ways to survive by gardening and being fishermen.

To get connected with young friends who have the potency and influence for developmental change in Delaki Village, we connected  Deriko Wabang, the head of Karang Taruna, who works as a teacher. Besides Deriko, there is Bernad Liwang, a member of the Youth Organization, whose daily activity is the coordinator of the Reading House. In the previous mapping, we held workshops for processing candlenut oil as local potency.

This time, the event discussed a theme on ‘Village Sustainability and Sovereignty with Food Products (4-5/8/2022). We held a workshop for processing cashew fruit into wine by Farida Lamma Koly, a chemistry lecturer and practitioner of local material processing. Optimizing time between activities, the participants were trained how to process coconuts into pure oil (VCO) and cooking oil.

The activity was opened by the Village Head Imanuel Edison Jalla, who said, “The village official fully supports all forms of creative work that support the village government's development work program, especially community empowerment and the creative economy. As a form of seriousness, the government will budget in the village program for all forms of processing local products that have been done so far, namely candlenut oil and cashew wine.”

As the person in charge and implementer of this activity, the Chairman of the Youth Organization, Samuel Deriko Wabang, also sincerely hopes that all parties can support each other and work together to cultivate all the potencies in the village. Another hope was conveyed by Pastor Ka'a Listiani Mauresi, S.Th who was very enthusiastic in participating the training, so that the knowledge could be utilized and developed and become a source of income for the congregation.

As a joint commitment, we will continue to work on cashew wine products that can support the economy in Delaki by increasing the selling value of cashew nuts and opening up new job opportunities. Another hope is that the product can stimulate other creative work, such as coconut oil, black rice, processed sea fish, etc by using technological developments and maximizing the budget for village empowerment. ***

On this occasion, Suara Perempuan Alor or abbreviated as Super Alor had the opportunity to share its experiences with the training participants. Suara Perempuan Alor is one of the NGOs concerned with assisting victims of violence cases. Since December 2021 SuperAlor received 3 complaints of violence cases. Mariam Lanmay, S.Mat, the secretary of Super Alor told the up and down of Super Alor. The initiators of Super Alor were CD Bethesda, Gamki, Untrib Kalabahi Lecturer, Soe Women's Voice Studio, and on-campus and off-campus organizations.

The material presented in this training is violence in dating. Dating is interpreted as a process of introduction between two individuals, namely a man and a woman who love each other before being bound in a marriage. It turned out that violence often occurred in the dating process. Dating violence is all forms of violence that can be in the form of physical, verbal, or sexual violence.

Physical violence comes in form of beatings, verbal violence occurs in form of saying dirty sentences or yelling at a partner, then, financial violence such as using a partner's finances for extravagance, psychological violence comes in the form of threats, and intimidation and the last is sexual violence. The driving factors of violence in dating are misunderstandings about dating, the myth that men have a greater sex drive so that feelings of love must be proven by having sex, and efforts to control women.

Here are some ways to avoid violence in a relationship, are, dare to say no when other people want to do violence in any form, appreciate our bodies because we have power over our bodies, emphasize the meaning of healthy dating, and be ourselves. Dating should be a beautiful time, if it is a dark period it is called colonialism. If your partner dares to beat and curse during dating, it will be better to think about separation. There is no love in violence, and there is no violence in love. Violence in dating is the seed of domestic violence and marriage is not a rehabilitation institution for perpetrators of violence.

The speaker reminded the participants to have a healthy relationship by becoming new men and critical women. New men are those who do not use old thinking, not considering themselves as superior but using both feelings and logic in their actions, and understanding women as human beings just like them, no violence and not considering women as sexual objects. Then, the critical women must be independent, recognizing their strength and weakness, expressing her opinion freely, and learning to establish an equal relationship, protecting and supporting each other, giving freedom to partners, trusting and supporting each other with positive things. ***

Sexual and reproductive health issues are still new to the trainees, and even they are not familiar with Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights (SRHR). In general, sexual and reproductive issues are still considered taboo and even considered unimportant, although learning about these issues is very important to know self-understanding, to know whether the health rights have been fulfilled, to encourage how to express sexuality in a responsible and healthy way, and to know the accurate and scientific principles. The understanding of SRHR is given in stages according to the child's growth and the principle of gender equality.

In this session, Mariana Yunita Opat explained SRHR and the 12 reproductive rights formulated by the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) in 1996, including the right to life, the right for freedom and security, the right for equality and freedom from all forms of discrimination, the right of privacy, the right for freedom of thought, the right to have information and education, the right to marry and not marry as well as to form and to plan a family, the right to decide to have children or not and the time to have children, the right to get health care and protection, the right to get benefit from scientific advances, the right for freedom of assembly and participation in politics, and finally the right to be free from persecution and ill-treatment.

Why do we need to know and understand SRHR? This sexuality education provided knowledge, skills, and values to grow up happy and healthy for the participants. They will be aware of health and welfare and build social and sexual relationships that are equal, dignified, and respectful of each other by considering their own and others’ choices. Furthermore, they can protect each other, fight for and defend themselves and others' sexual and reproductive rights from various acts of violence and offense. The resource person also explained several legal instruments related to SRHR.

Regarding the material on sexual violence, Mariana explained the definition of sexual violence, that is, any actions to demean, insult, attack, or other actions against the body related to sexual desire, and or reproductive function by force. Cases of violence against women throughout 2020 reached 299.911 cases (CATU 2020 Komnas Perempuan), while cases of sexual violence against children occurred during 2021 (data from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection) reached 6.547 cases. The results of the KRPA survey of sexual violence show the highest are on public streets, social media, residential areas, chat applications, public transportation, online dating applications, shopping center, virtual games, workplaces, and virtual discussion rooms.

She explained 15 forms of sexual violence according to Komnas Perempuan, such as sexual harassment, forced marriage, for example in Sumba such as ‘marriage arrest’, sexual control, sexual exploitation, forced abortion, sexual slavery, forced prostitution, forced contraception, sexual intimidation, traditional practices, sexual torture, forced pregnancy, rape, trafficking in women, sexual punishment. Gender and sexuality-based violence occur because of imbalance power relations.

In this session, Therlince Loisa Mau, the facilitator of the Disaster Resilient Church in Alor shared her experiences with disaster mitigation, such as violence against women and children, earthquakes, Covid, and floods. The participants discussed the problems and find solutions or ways to solve them. The activity ended with the hope that the participants will be equipped and correct to apply it in their life. ***

The main topic on health training in Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Alor is reproductive health, delivered by Mariana Yunita H Opat, or commonly called Kak Tata, a woman activist from Kupang, founder of Tengga NTT, and administrator of the Disaster Risk Management forum in NTT Province. Three materials presented included the concepts of Gender, Reproductive Health, and Sexual Violence (05/06/2022).

Starting with a wishing tree, each participant received two cards, then, the first one was put at the root, which contains the contributions that will be made during the session, such as thoughts, questions, new information, etc. Then, the participants' expectations will be put on the leaf after receiving the material. To reach the leaf, there is a hope that must be passed through the stem, for example with a commitment, such as no smoking during the session, no sleeping during activities, no operating cellphone, avoiding noise, permission to go to the toilet, etc., as a shared commitment to make a conducive situation.

The delivery of the material on the understanding of Gender was opened by an explanation of the characteristics of women and men. Sex is understood as gender, and biological characteristics, such as men having a penis and Adam's apple, meanwhile, women have a vagina and breasts, which can be changed through medical action. Gender is known as the role of character, responsibility, and authority which are given to a certain gender and is determined socially and culturally, for example, men are the head of the family, in charge of making money, while women are in charge at home, cooking and other domestic works. The tasks influenced by social and cultural factors can be interchanged and replaced, such as cooking, washing clothes, and looking after children can be done by men. Gender issues can include gender expectations (people's expectations of a gender); for example, after farming work in Alor, women carry a lot of burdens when they go home and men only carry machetes or bows. In addition, advertisements perform women for flavoring, laundry soap, and facial treatments, while men promote healing potions or cigarettes. Such advertisements perpetuate gender issues. Tata said that culture, customs, media, education, religion, and even the state could be agents that perpetuate gender issues.

The participants faced an option,  they are willing to become agents of change by conveying the correct gender understanding, or they will be the agent of the status quo, which perpetuates gender issues so that the ideals of achieving equality will fade away? Of course not, right? ***

Students and young people have a significant role to solve problems of Food Security and Health, Environmental Health, and Reproductive Health in Alor regency. Located at Taman Suaka Alam Pesisir - TSAP (natural conservation park) Sabanjar Beach, two days of training sparked the participant’s awareness of the problems above. On the first day (04/06/2022), Otto Nodi Atyanto, area manager of CD Bethesda in Alor explained Food Security in Alor is related to health problems, especially stunting. Stunting is a growth failure among toddlers when they should grow. The growth disorders cannot be improved  over 2 years old.

Indonesia is the fourth contributor to stunting in the world and the second one in Southeast Asia. For the last fifteen years, NTT province has been the first contributor to stunting in Indonesia. Alor regency is the third in NTT province with a prevalence above 30% over the WHO limit of 20%. What are the causes of stunting? They are lack of nutritional intake, lack of parental care (bathing, washing hands before eating), ongoing illness, adjacent pregnancies, low quality and quantity of healthy intake, late breastfeeding, lack of attention to children's diet, lack of nutritional intake during pregnancy and sanitation problems or unhealthy lifestyles. The first thousand days of pregnancy must be well-observed, however, many pregnant women experience chronic malnutrition, children in the village are commonly taken care of by their grandmothers, not their parents, and the mother's hands and body must be cleaned when she’s giving breast milk otherwise the milk can be contaminated. Cleanliness should not be ignored in the child's growth. Sanitation is substantial to prevent children from intestinal worms and losing weight because of the wasted nutrients.

Actually, Alor has abundant food sources in the mountains and sea, such as sweet potato, fish, etc. Currently, most of the villages allocated their funds for handling sanitation, such as clean water availability for reducing stunting rates. When students return to their villages, such as during KKN (field study), they are encouraged to be agents of change by sharing local food processing skills.

Otto showed a video of the survey results on fast food safety (snacks, ice, etc.) from YLKI (consumer protection) in Sulawesi when he worked there. The research proved that children often consume tasty snacks with attractive colorful pictures on the package, even with prizes inside. The sugar and salt in snacks have high calories that make children feel full a whole day. It contributed to child malnutrition.

People in the village sometimes practice bad habits, they used the money from selling rice, corn, eggs, bananas, and beans to buy instant foods such as noodles, snacks, eggs from the shop, molen cakes, etc. Food sources from the garden have more nutrients. As an agent of change, youth must be determined to ‘plant what you consume, and consume what you have been planted.’ We must have food sovereignty and know well the process where our foods and beverages are from.

Valdo, one of the participants, asked, "Does stunting happen only among poor families rather than rich families?” "Stunting occurs not only in poor families, but other families faced stunted children due to behavioral aspects, clean and healthy lifestyle," Otto said. Covid 19 indirectly reduced the risk of malnutrition and stunting, because people wash their hands before eating. He also provided further networks with CD Bethesda Alor through training on local food and traditional medicines that can be attended by health stakeholders, young people, and students. ***

Health problems in Alor regency require the involvement of many parties to solve. At the beginning of the session, Yodhikson Marvelous, fondly called Diki, from Thresher Shark Indonesia, asked the participants to write down two kinds of trash they know, then dispose the trash in the cans provided (4/6/2022). The discussion aimed to build students' awareness to dispose trash properly in its place.

Furthermore, Diki explained the definition of healthy according to Health Law no: 36 of 2009. It stated that healthy condition covers of being healthy physically, mentally, and spiritually which allows everyone to live both socially and economically. Physically healthy means not disabled but able to do everything well. Mentally health means having  psychologically and spiritually health to be able to believe in God. Socially health means being able to have good relationships with other people, while being economically health can be seen from one’s ability to earn for life.

Meanwhile, the environment is the unity of space with all objects, energy, or circumstances. The environment has three aspects, namely the physical, biological, and social environment. The physical environments consist of water, soil, weather, air, food, radiation rays, etc. (all have the potential to cause disease). The biological environment: bacteria, viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects, etc., are also possible causes of diseases. The social environment consists of customs, habits, beliefs, religion, attitudes, standards, work, and lifestyle (potentially causing stress, conflict, psychiatric disorders, insomnia, and even depression).

The resource person explained the environmental health problem. Environmental health is a science that studies various health problems as an interaction relationship between various materials, energy, life, and substances that have the potential to cause illness. Environmental Health Science aims to correlate and minimize the threats posed by the environment to the health and welfare of human life, as well as prevention by simplifying the regulation of various sources.

The following discussion focused on Waste and Environmental Conservation. Then, the students were divided into 4 groups and asked to draw a dream island by paying attention to the instructions, starting from giving the name of the island, spotting the most famous natural attraction, how the people live, the source of clean water, latrines availability, the waste management system, what the people do as their professions, the participants' contribution on the island, and what the economic system is, etc. After that, each group presented their Dream Island.

The first group presents Karang Island (Rock Island) with springs, providing garbage bins and latrines, and the community's economy from fishing. Group two presented Kasih Sayang Island (Affection island) in the form of a ship, people work as fishermen. the island has good water sources, good latrines, an economic system using land routes, and an inter-island port. The village there has well waste management held by communities that manage waste into beneficial recycled goods. The third group named the island Pulau Romantis (Romantic Island), which has rice fields as a natural tourist spot. The people work as farmers and every house has latrines and trash can. The fourth group promoted Nusa Indah Island (Beautiful Island) for their island. It has marine tourism with good regional design, not giving negative impact to fishing and abundant water sources are streamed down to the reservoirs and distributed to the people, the economic distribution use land and sea. From this session, the participants should be able to realize the dream island when they return to their respective villages.

The participants were trained to analyze their dream island's problems and challenges. Group 1 is facing the problem of the fish bombing which destroys coral reefs, and the marine ecosystem, so marine life is decreasing. The solution is through socialization and suggestion to use fish nets or trawls, making fish ponds, and socializing the impacts of the fish bombing. Group 2, revealed the problem of taking illegal sand in Nur village, Benlelang where the people excavate sand to build houses and fulfill their needs. It impacted decreasing water discharge, bridge damage, and shoreline erosion. The group offered a solution through socialization to the community, preventing people from mining. Group 3 is located in Mali, with the problem of coconut trees logging along the coast that causes coastal erosion. The factor that leads to it is the lack of public awareness, and economic needs, while the solution is socialization in the community. If the logging continues, it will be reported to the authorities. Currently, Mali tourism is no more famous for its coconut trees than before. Group 4, located in Kalabahi revealed problems with littering trash, for example, in the mini fields there is garbage scattered even though the government has prepared a trash can, and the ditches in the city are filled with trash, including the area from Tanjung beach to Kadelang. The solution is education through socialization and forming a community that cares about the environment.

In the closing session, the resource person hoped that young people should become agents of change and all elements of society, from the community, government, or NGOs, must work together to solve an environmental problem. At the end of the discussion, the source person conveyed a very touching sentence, 'You are the youth, do action, not just grumble' ***

Specific nutrition intervention by consuming local food sources becomes the solution to reduce the prevalence of stunting among children. Sweet potato and beans are identified as Alor's potential local food to prevent stunting. Alor itself has abundant crops and good nutrition to prevent stunting including nutritional intake for the mother-to-be and the unborn baby.

The youth and students have an important role to play how to solve the serious problem of stunting. Many breakthroughs can be made, especially by processing local products in Alor. Technological advances break the barrier to work and creativity, however, the ability to maximize existing technological facilities is the important thing.

In the first activity at the Hyuna Cafe, (29/03/2022) Otto Nodi Adyanto, area manager of CD Bethesda in Alor ignited the discussion by explaining the difference between local food and stunting so that the understanding can be completed. When it is revealed deeper, it showed an irony because, in NTT province, Alor regency is in the 5th place of stunting problem, even though Alor has abundant natural products as a food source. The discussion emphasized that stunting is a matter of community sovereignty over existing natural resources.

In the following discussion, Kaka In Allung, the owner of the Hyuna Cafe, a concept cafe serving Alor foods, shared a story for a shared hope, “The young people in Alor should be able to see opportunities in processing the local products to survive and to reduce the stunting problem together. Alor has rich natural resources that are useful for the people to survive, but it is not yet independent because they were not able yet to process them for their own needs and to sell at a higher value.”

Maria Maisal, a tough woman who dedicated her life to empower the surrounding environment by sustainable processing coffee  with her brand ‘Kupu Kopi’ shared her insights. With strong will and perseverance, she run the business until now. 'Kupu Kopi' fulfills the demands of Alor coffee lovers even with limited equipment.

On the second day (about processing local products by fermented drinks, Farida Lamma Koly, a chemistry lecturer at Tribuana University presented material on processing fermented drinks and beverages bananas into wine. Kaka In Alung also shared concocting liquor drinks from the basic ingredients of Alor local drink, called ‘sopi’ mixed with fruits and several types of flowers. The main goal of producing the fermented beverage is to take benefit of the existing local fruits, avoid wasting fruits during the season, and also increasing their selling value. Processing any local products is in line with the global go-green campaign.

Hopefully, following the activity, the young people and students become more creative agents of change to increase the selling value of local products. With a better level of community welfare, the problem of stunting is expected to be overcome. ***