The learning on drip irrigation attracts attention not only to a group of young people but also adults, because the model is practical, saving time and effort. The Multiplication of Stube HEMAT held activities by assisting the Farmers Group from Matawai regarding the benefits of drip irrigation and technical instructions for assembling drip irrigation in Malumbi Village (Tuesday, 15/11/2022). The training participants learned how to select good quality seeds, seedling media, seedlings house, proper nursery techniques, plant nutrition system, and integrated pest and disease control.

The participants showed enthusiasm for learning drip irrigation. They hoped the assistance can continue until they independently run a horticultural farming business. When carrying out the installation process, one of the members joked in Kambera language, “Ndapa jilli ndoku apa yiana, mangahung sambil unu nda kopi ba” which means by using the drip irrigation system, he will not be tired anymore because while watering the crops, he can enjoy a cup of coffee. Some participants dreamed of developing irrigation for their dry land which had not been optimally cultivated due to water shortage.

Through the training, the participants are expected to understand drip irrigation and apply it to their agricultural business fields. One of the issues that have not got much the attention in agriculture is the problem of farmer resources, therefore it is necessary to increase the knowledge of the farmers. The last hope is farmers can make progress, be independent and modern to maintain food security in Indonesia. (FFKB).

Globally, we are facing three major problems after the Covid-19 pandemic, namely the issue of the global food crisis, the energy crisis, and the digital crisis. These three problems were triggered by global economic uncertainty due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine war as well. Food issues are the main topic discussed in several countries, including the recent conditions with climate change and many farmers facing crop failures. In Indonesia, the government is trying to increase local food production to reduce dependence on imported products and maintain stocks for price stability.

According to Kasdi Subagyono as the Secretary General of the Ministry of Agriculture and also chairman of ADM RI, "The current food turmoil is testing food security in many countries, for this reason, a transformation of the food system is needed which can help increase resilience to food availability, sufficient calories, and protein. The fluctuations in food prices and the export restrictions by several food-producing countries disrupted global food availability. The third agricultural issue that is no less important is the development of innovative agripreneurial through the digitalization of agriculture to improve the livelihoods of farmers, especially in rural areas." 

A collaboration with Bank NTT

Based on the problems above, Stube HEMAT multiplication program responded through movements to assist Young Farmers, in this case strengthening human resources to process potency wisely and intelligently and finally being able to meet food needs and have an effect on improving the economy. Stube HEMAT carried out the movement by initiating the formation of a young farmers group in the Lambanapu district with the group name ‘Tunas Baru Farmers Group’. It has 26 young people as the members and becomes the only group of young farmers in East Sumba Regency.

To realize an agricultural development movement, the ‘Tunas Baru’ farmer group cooperates with several parties, namely ‘Panah Merah’ seed company. The company gives extra assistance related to technical instructions for cultivating horticultural crops from seed introduction to post-harvest. Collaboration was also carried out with the local government and the group received support from the regent of East Sumba regency in the form of pipes assistance and drip hoses.

The latest is a support from the DPR-RI Commission B, Yohanis Fransiskus Ansy Lema, S.IP., M.Sc, through P2L activities (Sustainable Food Houseyards Program). The Chairperson of the NTT Provincial DPRD, Ir. Emilia Julia Nomleni also visited the site of the young farmer study center as well as  had a discussion about  the motivations and movements of young farmers. The group also builds a network with ‘Karya Agung’ agricultural shop to provide for the needs needed by farmers in the field. Stube HEMAT also cooperates with Wira Wacana Christian University-Sumba to invite young students to study together related to agricultural science which will prepare them as rural food observers.

The network is not only with institutions but also with some key figures to be a motivator, and resource persons who play a role in connecting networks for the  young farmers group. Young farmers are ready to network and collaborate. ***

Entrepreneurial character is an important factor in maintaining a business. Having strong entrepreneur characteristics will help entrepreneurs survive in the business competition. In running a business, what is needed is not only capital funds, marketing techniques, and promotions, but also a strong entrepreneurial character. The characteristics are useful to build and manage a business such as a weaving business done by weaver women in Tanatuku. Due to the importance of fostering entrepreneurial character, the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba discussed the topic 'Entrepreneurial Character' with the members of the Kawara Panamung weaving group at Tanatuku Weaving House (Friday, 21/10/2022).

On this occasion, Hotmaida Pangaribuan, S.Par, as a guest speaker, presented an understanding of entrepreneurial character to Tanatuku weaving women's group. Character is a way of thinking and behaving that is characteristic of every individual that can distinguish one person from another, both within the family, community, and country. Entrepreneurship is an act of taking risks to carry out one's work by taking advantage of opportunities to create new businesses that develop and are independent. Three habits block a business, namely: 1) thought that the environment is always in threats, challenges, obstacles, and distractions to start something new that poses a risk; 2) over-confidence on the ability to stand or survive and develop own business without relying on government assistance or support from other parties; 3) the weak ability to see and create opportunities to take advantage of it with positive activities. Therefore, to overcome the habits above, the character of being brave, independent, and creative must be instilled in all entrepreneurs. Besides that, Hotmaida also conveyed four points of entrepreneurial character to the weaver women, namely independence, commitment, responsibility, and integrity.

After presenting the material, Hotmaida asked the participants whether they already had the four entrepreneurial characteristics, and what percentage had they reached. Asri Kaita Endi, one of the discussion participants, responded that she had achieved 70%, but she admitted that she need to learn more. Hotmaida with Ince Anika Salean and Nur Pariwana divided the participants into 3 small groups for sharing. The senior age group was assisted by Hotmaida, young women were assisted by Ince Anika Salean, and single women were assisted by Nur Pariwana. The small groups discussed which characters were the most difficult and whether there were any obstacles to implement them.

Yayanti Langga, a student on Animal Husbandry of Unwina said that the character of commitment is very hard to implement. "It's easy for me to say that I will commit to doing something whatever it is, but it's hard for me to do it in real action," she said. Likewise, other participants admitted that each character was incomplete for them to apply.

Hotmaida offered what the participants should do to implement the four characters well. The main thing to do is to have an obedient heart because it helps us know God who guides and bless what we do to succeed for the glory of God. At the end of the session, she ended the discussion by praying for the participants. ***

Communities in Sumba island, East Nusa Tenggara rely on farming and animal husbandry for a living. Apart from that, weaving cloth in livelihood is not less important. In several areas in East Sumba, making woven fabrics is integrated with daily activities, especially for women who are busy taking care of the household and helping their husbands work in the fields. Especially the youth and women who are members of the Kawara Panamung weaving group, in the last two years they no longer have activities only at home by taking care of the household and gardening but also activities of tied weaving. It started with the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba with women's empowerment activities in Tanatuku village, Nggaha Ori Angu district. There were no weavers in the village before, through the program, now Tanatuku has twenty women engaged in weaving.

Pastor Dr. Tumpal M.P.L Tobing, Mag. Theol., one of the boards of Stube HEMAT, with Dema Mathias, an IT developer, had the opportunity to visit the Kawara Panamung weaving group in Tanatuku (Wednesday, October 19, 2022). It was a valuable and historic opportunity for a weaving group member to welcome them by giving them a woven shawl and dancing performance done by Sunday school kids and kayaka-kakalak (welcome greeting) from women group while walking together to the weaving house.

Arriving at the weaving house, Alfin Lestari, host of the event, greeted the participants and opened the activity with a prayer, then welcome speech from Elisabeth Uru Ndaya, S.Pd, the Multiplicator of Stube HEMAT in Sumba. She expressed her experience and the dynamics of accompanying the weaving group participants. Then, Rev. Tumpal expressed his gratitude to meet directly with the women weavers. He appreciated the enthusiasm of the women in Tanatuku to be in one unit moving forward together and he never expected the impact of the Stube HEMAT program to be so large. On that occasion, he also narrated the history of the Stube HEMAT which was brought from Germany to Indonesia, and how God's blessings are so real until now. Katrina Pindi Njola, one of the participants was asked why she wanted to learn to weave. She firmly told, "I'm curious and I want to know how the process of making weaving." While Debi Hada Inda, another participant, added, "I want to learn to weave and earn income from it." Rev. Tumpal motivated group participants to keep their enthusiasm and to be empowered as well as work together.

To the participants, Dema Mathias conveyed the importance of the role of the media in today's life. “I see the faces of the members here, I found them familiar because I often watch the activities of you when Elisabeth uploaded them to media such as Facebook and YouTube. So it shows the clear impact and benefits of the media. Even though we live in Jakarta, we can see and find out about the activities of our friends here through the media. Therefore, use and utilize the media as best as possible to promote activities so that it is known by many parties," he added.

This was the first time the weaving house held a meeting, so Elisabeth asked Pastor Tumpal to pray for the weaving house to become a house that provides shade, and comfort for those who use it, as well as a place for women's struggles to move ahead. From the weaving house, women in Tanatuku, learn to love their culture as well as know the world. Move ahead, women! (EUN) ***

The Multiplication Program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba focusing on the Livestock received a spirit 'injection' from Rev. Tumpal M.P.L. Tobing Mag. Theol., one of the boards of Stube HEMAT, and Dema Matias, an IT practitioner in Yogyakarta. Rev. Tumpal introduced the Stube HEMAT program to the participants about its history inspired by Stube in Germany, why Stube HEMAT exists in Indonesia, the running programs, and the next programs.

The discussion was even more lively with the presence of Stube HEMAT activists who were students in Yogyakarta, including Stefanus Makambombu, Rev. Dominggus Umbu Deta, Yulius Anawaru, and Frans Fredi, Stube HEMAT Multiplicator in Sumba working on agriculture. They shared their activities and experiences of services in Sumba. About twenty-five students and church youths took part in the discussion (Tuesday, 18/10/2022).

After the discussion, the activity continued with training on processing fermented feed for pigs. Participants interested in pig farming attended the training to increase their capacity and as the answer of the high price of factory pig feed. The availability of easy and inexpensive fodder become an important factor in livestock sustainability. Easy means they can do it by themselves and it is cheap because the materials are available in their surroundings. The participants and Apriyanto Hangga, the Multiplicator of Stube HEMAT in Sumba identified material types that can be processed for pig feed and the manufacturing process.

The materials needed include EM 4, granulated sugar, tofu dregs, bran, rice dregs, and banana stems. The tools used include knives or machetes, buckets, large drums, and plain plastic. The manufacturing step is as follows; (1) Chop finely all the green leaves and banana stems, (2) Dissolve EM4 and sugar in a bucket of water, (3) Mix the green leaves, banana stems, bran, and tofu dregs until well-mixed, (4) Sprinkle the mixture using a solution of EM4 and sugar, stir until evenly distributed, (5) Put it in a large drum and compact the mixture, (6) Cover the drum using plastic to avoid contact with outside air, and let it process for three to four days.

The resource person gave the indicators of well-processed fermentation, such as the plastic in the bucket looked bulging, the material's color changed to brown, and it was soft when touched. Then, the fermented feed is ready to be given to pigs. Fermented fodder is nutritious because it contains nutrients and vitamins that are good for the growth of pigs.

The ability to process local materials into fermented fodder for pigs is a step forward of pig breeders to improve the quality of human resources and implement independent breeders, especially to provide feed needs. So, are you still unsure about working in a pig farming business? ***

Livestock is an important sector in East Sumba that need to develop, one of which is pig farming after being hit by a virus a few years ago. Slowly but surely, the pig farms in East Sumba rose and the pig population increased with the involvement of various parties from pig breeders, the government, and institutions concerned with livestock development. There are some effortsdone to support the increase pig farming in East Sumba, from animal health vaccines, provision of quality sows and piglets, strengthening human resources of the breeders and farmer group networks, making alternative feeds, and processing livestock production.

The empowerment of human resources in animal husbandry is a concern of Stube-HEMAT through the Multiplication program to create pig breeders who are independent to provide piglets,  to rearthe cattle, and to provide feed, and to make pork production. This upstream-to-downstream processing effort is projected to be profitable and to be more sustainable.

Multiplication of Stube-HEMAT in Sumba initiated a training on making pork floss which was attended by twenty-four participants from pig farmers, local youth, and students. In this training, Ferniyanti Rambu and Apriyanto Hangga served as instructors (13/10/2022). From the initial discussion, each participant said that they had eaten beef floss but did not know how to make it and what ingredients were needed.

The resource person explained materials related to the potencies of pig farming in East Sumba, and pork-based culinary is one of them. She then introduced the ingredients for pork floss and the steps tomake it. The ingredients needed are pork meat, shallots, garlic, pepper, nutmeg, turmeric, lemongrass leaves, salt, cooking oil, and coconut milk. The participants divided the tasks and carried out the stages according to the resource person's directions

The steps to make pork floss are: (1) Boil pork meat until it taste tender, about 60 minutes, and then chop the pork into small pieces; (2) Peel and grind all the spices, use a mixer to mix the spices well;(3) Fry the spices with oil until it’s cooked and add it with some coconut milk; (4) Next, put the pork together and fry until it is dry over low heat to avoid burning;(5) After drying, place the pork on a clean cloth and press the oil until it is completely dry and the pork floss is ready to be served.

The source person informed that there are two kinds of floss, namely ready-to-eat floss, a pork floss which is served after the process of frying and filtering. These usually do not last long because they are still relatively wet with cooking oil. Then the second, packaged floss, which has passed through a process of being fried twice to ensure that the floss is completely dry so that it lasts longer when it is packaged.

From these skills, pig farmers are not only engaged to raise pigs, to supply piglets, and to grow them but to have alternatives for selling and processing pork meat. Training to make pork products into pork floss becomes alternative food products, even it has the potential to become a flagship culinary product from East Sumba, and finally create new jobs for the community. Let’s the pig breeders in East Sumba, take this opportunity. You can do it! ***

Irrigation is an important part of agricultural activity because it works as the source of life for plants. This part is quite a hard job for the farmers. Irrigation is one of the determinants for increasing maximum result of production in horticultural business activities. Sumba Island in general, has the potency for extensive land resources and abundant water resources, but in reality, there is still a large land area that has not been optimally managed by farmers. Therefore, it requires qualified human resource capabilities to manage them. Stepping up from reality, Stube HEMAT provided a discussion topic on "surface irrigation systems and drip irrigation systems for horticultural crops". It invited young farmers, students, and church youth to study irrigation methods and find out the benefits.

The training took place at the site of the Horticultural Agriculture Study Center – Lambanapu (Wednesday, 28/09/2022). The training participants consisted of students, members of Panah Merah's young farmers, and church youth who had just finished their studies and were committed to run a horticultural farming business. The resource persons explained the advantages and disadvantages between surface irrigation systems and drip irrigation systems. He explained the materials not only indoors, but also invited the participants to observe directly to get to know more about the practical benefits of the two irrigation methods.

The drip irrigation system has several advantages: 1) Increasing the use-value of water, saves water use, 2) Increasing plant growth and products, 3) Focusing on the targeted plant and the measurable water distribution, reducing weed growth, 4) Limiting labor, 5) Having simultaneous watering within a certain population. The weaknesses are 1) There is often a blockage in the emitter hole so that it requires intensive maintenance, and 2) Limits plant growth. The limited water distribution increase the risk of water shortages due to inaccurate calculation of water requirements, 3) the drip irrigation system requires quite a high cost for its installation, 4) Susceptible to lime, mossy and muddy water.

The advantages of the surface irrigation system are: 1) Plants and land will never dry out, 2) Farmers have more time to do other work, 3) In a week farmer can only water the crops twice. While, the weaknesses are; 1) Plant growth is not good enough because the permanently submerged roots do not get enough sunlight, 2) Weed growth rate is quite high, 3) The soil quickly compacts, 4) Nutrients in the soil are easily eroded, 5) Soil pH drops quickly.

The two irrigation methods have each advantage and farmers just have to choose according to the conditions of their land. From the training, the participants are expected to know more about drip irrigation systems and surface irrigation systems, be able to apply them in their fields, be able to compare conventional watering with field irrigation and drip irrigation, and be smart in deciding between two irrigation methods.

The participants showed enthusiasm in participating in the training. One of them, Berto said, "The training gave me new knowledge and I hope in the following training we can discuss creative economic movements done by youth community." Young man, keep up the good work. ***

Women are a group that is vulnerable to various stigmas. Stigmas attached to women since the past is weak, helpless, and dependent on men. As time goes on, the stigma is slowly being replaced. Currently, many inspiring women can live independently and can stand on their own feet. This is evidenced by the increasing number of women's participation in various fields, women also dare to make their own decisions, act firmly, be brave to express opinions, have self-confidence, and stand on their convictions. Women need to be independent in any way, such as career, love, finance, and so on. From this idea, the Kawara Panamung weaving group discussed the topic ‘Why do women need to be independent?’ by inviting Martha Hebi, a women activist, as the resource person (Wednesday, 28/09/2022).

At the beginning of the discussion, Martha Hebi asked the participants to learn about themselves first. She invited the participants with a question, about whether men and women were different. All participants simultaneously answered that men and women are different. She asked again, what is the difference? Mama Kalita Mboru firmly answered that the difference is that men make a living, and women take care of the household. Mama Yustina added that women conceive and breastfeed while men cannot. Other participants answered that women have long hair while men have short hair. Martha Hebi responded, "My husband has long hair but he is a man." Participants simultaneously responded by laughing. She found out that the participants did not understand the significant differences between women and men. Then she explained the meaning of nature, gender behavior, and their characteristics to them, so they were able to distinguish which was gender behavior and which was the nature of the Lord.

Martha then explained the importance of independent women, because one of the causes of gender inequality against women is that women are often seen as weak and can do nothing but as housewives. If women are dependent and only hope that men provide a living, they face difficulty getting their rights as women and become vulnerable to domestic violence (KDRT). She also emphasized that women should be financially independent because it can give women strength not to depend on other people, including parents or spouses. Mama Katrina Njoloa shared her experiences in her household life. She said that being an independent woman had attributed to her since she was in school because she had to earn money herself for school fees until she got married. She kept trying to become an independent woman because if she only depended on her partner, maybe none of her children can go to school because it is hard to meet the needs. Martha Hebi appreciated Katrina Njola's struggle. Martha Hebi suggested four points to live independently, namely using a priority scale, having your income, having savings, and understanding the importance of investments such as investing in gold, land, and property.

At the end of the discussion, Martha emphasized the importance of women in organization. She appreciated the enthusiasm of the women in Tanatuku Village who continue to work and empower together. The existence of the Kawara Panamung weaving group will help women to find a place to explore and express their potencies, how to make woven fabrics an additional income. By being organized, women can achieve common goals efficiently and effectively. Women are one of the important subjects of life and are expected to give a sharing and to have the role in social life. Weaving group is one of the efforts to increase the role and function of women in various aspects of life to create ideal conditions. Kawara Panamung, Lai Nyuta Yaa!! ***

(Lai Nyuta Yaa, Sumbanese expression to give support for achievement).

In the development of business related to pig livestock, the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba encourages the members to increase their capacity from rearing piglets, vaccinations, making feed, and making culinary dishes made from pork.

Femiyanti Rambu Witu, a culinary practitioner, accompanied fifteen participants to practice making pork buns. Before practice, the participants discussed pork buns as an alternative food or snack made from pork and explored the derivatives products of pork. The activity was carried out in Mboka Km. 5, Waingapu (Saturday,24/09/2022)

She explained the cooking stages, from identifying the ingredients for making pork buns, such as flour, sugar, salt, butter, yeast, and pork meat. Then prepare flavor-enhancing spices, such as shallots, garlic, pepper, pepper, lemongrass, butter, jam, and coloring. The participants followed the process according to the resource person's instructions.

The cooking process is as follows: (1) mix the flour, butter, yeast, sugar, and water, then stir into a dough; (2) mince the pork in small size and add the shallots, garlic, pepper, and coriander; (3) fry the minced pork over low heat until it cooked and let it cool; (4) shape the bread dough according to taste, put the pork for the filling, and spread the egg yolk on the top of the bread dough; (5) put the bread dough in the pan and bake it until it is well-cooked with its good aroma.

It must be admitted that the participants need to keep practicing so that the appearance of the bread looks tasty and similar. But this is one step forward in the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba to bring independence to the pig farming cycle. ***

Women are human, and women's rights are human rights. Human rights apply universally to everyone, all are entitled to the protection of their rights and freedoms. Women have equal rights and opportunities with other genders. It is very necessary to have a special struggle for women's rights because of many violations of rights and gaps in opportunities experienced by women and even detrimental to women, such as domestic violence, sexual violence, lack of access to education, and so on. For hundreds of years, the women's rights movement has campaigned to abolish rules, stigmatized behavior, and traditions that are not in favor of women. Until now, the campaign to fight for women's rights continues to be echoed, in this case, Stube HEMAT Multiplication Program in Sumba, introduce and campaign for women's rights to students and the women's community.

An interesting discussion was held at the GKS Karunggu church building, together with the Women's Commission of GKS Karunggu with Rev. Dr. Irene Umbu Lolo, M.Th, a lecturer at STT GKS and women's activist (Monday, 12/09/2022). She conveyed that the violation of women's rights that often occurred was gender-based violence, that occurred based on gender identity that resulted in physical suffering in the form of domestic violence, rape, unwanted pregnancies, and miscarriages. Psychological suffering causes depression, fear, stress disorders, and the emergence of suicidal thoughts. On that occasion, Rev. Irene emphasized that everyone never be silenced, do not be afraid to speak up if violence occurs, because each of us has the right to live in peace. She shared her experience in advocating for a woman as a victim of violence from her husband for a long time, even doing everything to kill her. The violence experienced by the wife is not only physical but also psychological. She suffered much, that she decided to speak, and continued to receive assistance until she regained her right, namely the right to live in a peaceful and happy life.

Alfin Lestari, an activist, asked, “Women who are victims of gender injustice sometimes feel comfortable with their situation and put themselves to the unfair behavior they get. What actions can be taken so those in that situation dare to speak up to fight for their rights?”  Rev. Irene responded that, first, women must understand their rights. Women have the right to live and get a decent life. Women have the right to be free, women have the right to be happy, women have the right to be physically and mentally healthy, and women have the right to still look beautiful and elegant. When women are married, they often forget to take care of themselves because they take care only their husbands, children, and family. Usually, when a woman goes to church or anywhere else, her husband and children look neat, but she even forgot to comb her hair. The participants responded by laughing loudly.

In addition, not a few women do not know their rights. If women are fully aware of their rights to life, they will not continue to shackle themselves in injustice situations. A great woman is a woman who can fight for her rights amid her family and environment. Women also have the right to socialize, if women often meet and gather, then women will be empowered again because they will strengthen each other, join hands, build a strong brotherhood, and build solidarity.

At the end of the discussion, Rev. Irene appreciates the spirit of the Women's Commission to continue to organize through women's weaving groups which have been running for about two years and have succeeded in equipping skills to women. ***

The Multiplication Program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba on pig farming continued their action to practice pork-based culinary. It enriched participants’ knowledge and skills as a breakthrough in the pork-based culinary business, not just raising livestock. Sixteen participants attended training on marketing strategies and roasting pork (Saturday, 10/9/2022) in Waingapu. Octoviana. C. Fanggidae, A.Md, from the office of Animal Husbandry Service in East Sumba Regency took part as the speaker for discussions and the practice of roasting pork sei.

Oktoviana revealed that every business needs a strategy, and one of them is a marketing strategy. Related to marketing experience, some theories or strategies can be applied so that products or goods are sold in the market. Marketing of pork-based food products needs a special market because not everyone consumes it and in recent years pigs have been attacked by the ASF virus so the supply of pork must be careful to ensure the quality of the meat. The adaptation to a new normal life after Covid has changed the current lifestyle of the population and marketing strategies, however, it could be a new business opportunity that drives the community's economy. When an entrepreneur chose a culinary product with a distinctive quality and taste as the selling point or product branding, then the entrepreneur maps out the prospective consumers, whether from family members, friends, relatives, co-workers, parents of children's playmates, organizational networks, and neighbors. It is a word-of-mouth promotion because it is easy and costless.

In the practice of cooking pork sei, the participants learned how to process sei meat properly. There are various pork-based culinary, but what has become a consumer’s favorite is pork sei. Sei itself means hot smoke, so pork sei means smoked pork meat or meat is dried using hot smoke or roasted on a fire stove. This way of baking will produce a distinctive aroma and taste, different from burned.

Oktoviana accompanied them to prepare materials including a stove and the equipment needed, such as charcoal, grills, wood, Kosambi leaves, and other kitchen utensils. Kosambi wood and leaf (Schleisera Oleosa) were chosen because it produces a distinctive aroma. The main ingredients are pork and the necessary spices, including shallots, garlic, pepper, and salt. In the process, the meat is cut as needed whether long or short, usually transversely for getting softer easily. Next, the meat is covered with salt and a mixture of onion, garlic, and pepper that has been mashed. Wait a few minutes for the spices to soak into the meat. Next, wrap the pork in Kosambi leaves and roast on the stove for about 60 minutes or until the meat is cooked through or looked dry. At this step, the pork sei can be consumed, or further processed into other dishes according to the recipe. The ingredients of the chili sauce for pork are shallots, garlic, pepper, chilies, salt, tomatoes, flavorings, and ginger (ginger). All are sauteed with oil until wilted, then mashed and the ‘sambal’ is ready to be served.

This activity equipped participants to process the meat, not only to raise pigs, so that it becomes an added value to the pig farmers and participants as members of the Multiplication Program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba. Keep on practicing and dare to start a pork-based culinary business! ***

The dynamics of women's involvement from time to time continues to increase significantly. It can be seen from the increasing number of women representation in various organizations. However, when talking about the level of trust of responsibilities given to women, is still minimum because women are considered as just complements. Even though now is a modern era, women are still treated unfairly and even often become victims of violence verbally and non-verbally.

There are two real differences in social life for men and women in Sumba. The community environment is marked as the first place for men, and women to deal with the household. The circumstances make women only take care of children and the household environment. In addition, this makes women participate less in politics, due to cultural influence and religious interpretations, so that women are in a subordinate position to men or still considered creatures under men's leadership. Therefore, in making a decision, related to social life, political economy, and personal life, women do not have the right to speak up or to make decisions.

For the reasons above, Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba involved 30 students of STT GKS in a discussion on voicing women's rights with Rev. Dr. Suryaningsih Mila, M.Si at STT GKS Lewa Hall (Saturday, 3/9/2022). In the opening, Elisabeth Uru Ndaya, S.Pd., introduced Stube-HEMAT and explained the goal of the discussion. Then, Rev. Ningsih provided information and views about public stigma against women. She said the patriarchal culture influenced the emergence of a negative view of women. She provided an opportunity for students to voice their opinions about the challenges for women leaders, and the requirements to become leaders. Several students expressed their thoughts and views. Arniwati, a theology student, said that the challenge faced by women was the doubts of men who thought that women could not be trusted because in society's view women only took care of the kitchen. Another student, Ruth, gave her suggestion about the requirements to be leaders for those who are able and dare to take responsibility for what has become their mission.

On the theme of women's rights, leadership, and participation, Ovi, one of the participants, asked how women can be trusted to become leaders in organizations and community institutions. Rev. Suryaningaih responded that women should build self-awareness and change their mindset to be active and creative. She also emphasized that women can become future leaders, women can be role models and agents of change, based on the values of life covering truth, fairness, harmonious, caring, and full of empathy. Women support other women by inspiring empowering and working together, women can think and act strategically and politically. Women can also participate in public spaces and penetrate gendered public spaces. In this way, women must have a feminist perspective, strengthen their self-capacity, and self-confidence, and collaborate with men.

At the end of the discussion, Rev. Suryaningsih hoped that today's women have big dreams for themselves, not just being a housewife, but an innovative, productive, and participatory women of the future ***

Shallot is one of the vegetable commodities needed for household consumption. Lately, the price of shallots has increased due to climate change and crop failures that hit many farmers. Apart from farming, farmers are also expected to know about climate change to avoid the threat of crop failure. Based on thedata from the Early Warning System (EWS) of the Directorate General of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, national shallot production in April 2022 was 157.121 tons, while in May 2022 it was 153.513 tons. The data indicated a decrease in national shallot production by 11 percent. Based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics for East Nusa Tenggara Province, vegetable crop production by Regency/City (Quintal), 2019–2021, shallot production for East Sumba Regency from 2019 was 1.753 quintals, and in 2021 it was 1.385 quintals.

Stube HEMAT by the multiplication program initiated a strategic role in responding to these social problems, especially food scarcity, therefore the training focused on shallot cultivation from seeds (30/08/2022). Some university students, young farmers, and church youth joined as the training participants.

Generally, farmers know that shallots are growing from shallot bulbs, but in the training, the resource person explained that shallot cultivation can be done through seed sowing or direct planting of seeds. The participants admitted that the topic was a new knowledge and they could immediately do it in their yards. The training itself was a form of support for the availability of shallot supplies in Sumba.

Stages of shallot cultivation from seeds namely; 1) Selection of quality onion seeds, resistant to pests and diseases, while Sanren F1 and Lokananta F1 are the preferred types of shallot seeds, 2) Making nursery beds with a width of 120 cm and spreading rice straw over the beds and then burning them, to kill fungi and bacteria in the soil, reduce weed growth, 3) Making spread on the beds with a distance of 15 cm, 4) Mixing the onion seeds with floured fungicide to protect them from fungal and bacterial attacks or prevent bulbs rot during nursery, 5) Sowing the onion seeds on the seedling bed evenly and covered with roasted straw, 6) Watering using a fine sprinkler eye and maintaining a humidity level of up to 90 percent, 7) The seedling time is approximately 35 days, then continue the planting process with a space of 10 cm: 10 cm, 8) it requires 75 days from planting to harvesting. The farmer must pay attention when harvesting in dryland conditions, preparing the warehouse to protect the shallot from rain and dew.

Please have a good time practicing thenew knowledge from the training. Let young people be at the forefront of the supply of shallots and other horticulture in Sumba. ***

Human rights are attached to someone since he or she was born as fundamental and absolute rights that belong to humans no matter the differences of nation, ethnicity, religion, race, and class, they have the right to life and to express opinions. Human rights guarantee human to have protection from violence, freedom of thought and expression, and so on. One of the human rights that is underestimated is the right of women. In this developing era, women are often the targets of victims of violence, when it happened, many women kept silent and are afraid to speak out to their families or the authorities. From this issue, Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba initiated a program for women of the Kawara Panamung weaving group to discuss their understanding of human rights as women.

While working on the tying process, Elisabeth Uru Ndaya as the Multiplicator, invited them to share the topics learned in the next six months, such as women's rights, leadership, and women's participation in all aspects of household and social life (Wednesday, 10/08/2022). Besides the group members of the Kawara Panamung,  their husbands and the students of Wira Wacana University who did a field study in Tanatuku also joined the discussion. In this opportunity, Elisabeth opened the session by asking about what problems they face in their married life from their own experiences and others. Some said that discrimination against women still occurs in their surroundings, such as  domestic violence cases.

Deby Hada Inda, a teacher in early childhood, said that cases of harassment also occurred besides the domestic violence cases. if the cases were not revealed to public, it will be considered nothing happened. Anjas, a student, said that most of the violence against women was not revealed, because the women prefer to remain silent due to a lack of strength or courage to fight for, so they are often victimized. In the discussion, the participants were also found that in addition to harassment in East Sumba, forced marriages also occurred because both parties have disagreement to get ‘belis’ or dowry for a woman. Besides culture, dowry is considered as a solution for the women's family to get a benefit.

In the last session, Elisabeth responded that many women claimed they were powerless when their rights were violated because they had weaker power than men. The low education of women is the result of economic and patriarchal factors. The empowerment program is expected to help women in East Sumba, especially in Tanatuku village, to be independent and get their rights. Women are expected to change their paradigm and mindset as weak women, but women who are able to fight for their rights as human beings having the same rights and no the objects of violence. ***

Tourist area cannot be separated from the local culinary specialties because it is an integrated part and a 'reminder' for tourists who have visited the place. East Sumba, especially in  Waingapu, is an area with many tourist attractions, so it is necessary to target culinary tourism opportunities with typical East Sumba foods. Culinary of pork, sea fish, corn, and other products can be promoted as East Sumba foods.

This idea is the next step for the Stube HEMAT Multiplication program in Sumba for pig farming towards the independence of pig farmers and community empowerment. Not only they raise livestock but also develop it to build networks to process ready-to-eat pork or pork-based cuisine. Furthermore, Apriyanto Hangga (Multiplicator of Stube HEMAT in Sumba) and 24 participants from Unkriswina students, STT GKS, Church Youth, and pig farmers, held a discussion and mapping of pig farming opportunities, marketing management, and pork meat culinary business strategies (Sunday, 7/08/2022).

The speakers for the discussion were Yessi Tamu Ina, S.Pt., M.Si, and Apriyanto Hangga (Multiplicator of Stube HEMAT in Sumba). Every business requires marketing management, which is an important requirement for starting a business so that business ventures can run well and generate profits. The resource persons revealed several important things to start a culinary business, such as 1) Carefully reading current and future opportunities, so that they choose the right business activities that will be done and sustainable. 2) Recognizing market share, to map potential consumers and what the market needs are, so that what is provided answers market needs. 3) Availability of basic materials, is the basic capital for the sustainability of the business, whether it is available, easy to obtain, and stable prices to anticipate material availability problems in the future. 4) Promotion or marketing, utilizing various ways, either directly or using the media so that consumers know the process of production. 5) Timeliness, is the key to maintaining consumer confidence when ordering and completing orders or related to product delivery to consumers. 6) Product packaging, holds the key to the first impression in the eyes of consumers, if the packaging is attractive and unique, it gives extra benefits. 7) Content accuracy, between labels in product packaging according to existing content, avoiding the difference between promotion and the product reality. 8) Pricing needs to be carefully considered in anticipating repeated price changes and price must adjust market share and purchasing affordability. 9) The added value or uniqueness of the product becomes an added value when the product has a characteristic or added value that distinguishes it from other products.

There are several food alternatives made from pork, such as sei pork, pork satay, pork soup, tabu, pork leather crackers, or pork sandwiches. Several things must be observed, namely, clean and healthy meat, the clear origin of pork, hygienic place, and cooking utensils, understanding how to process it, starting with small quantities, marketing to the closest people, determining affordable prices, and a distinctive taste.

From this point, the participants agreed to practice processing pork and marketing it. The hope is that pig farming in East Sumba will become a new ecosystem in pig farming, providing piglets to process pork that benefits the community.***

At the global level, we are facing two big problems, namely the economic recession and the food problem. The rate of human growth is faster than the availability of natural resources which leads to food scarcity. In the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT, food issues become serious attention, and it requires a proactive movement to solve the problem. To support food availability, Stube HEMAT initiate vegetable planting activities in the house yard, called "Living Kitchen".

Through this activity, children, youth, and parents learned together about the importance of motivation to plant. They get to know several types of quality horticultural seeds and learn about nurseries and care. This activity took place in Southwest Sumba Regency, Kalembu Nga'a Bangga (Wednesday, 29/07/2022). It started at 16.00 WITA, with 30 participants consisting of children, teenagers, and parents. They participated enthusiastically and learned new knowledge about vegetable plants.

This activity used two methods, indoor and outdoor activities. During indoor activities, participants were taught horticultural plant cultivation techniques, recognizing several types of seeds, nursery techniques, planting, and care to post-harvest. The second activity is observing horticultural farmers at the Mananga Aba, Loura district, Southwest Sumba Regency. The resource persons in the field study were Stube HEMAT alumni who had participated in previous agricultural activities.

Participants were satisfied because they could see several types of plants developed by the two resource persons. In the field study activities, the participants got a new experience with the nursery room, the method of seedlings, and the obstacles that often occur during the nursery process. They also learned how to cultivate the land properly and correctly, including how to use the supporting tools. In the last session, they learned about tomato plants that are nearly harvested and the cultivation of Lokananta F1 shallots from seeds developed through the nursery stage.

From the training, the participants are expected to know to cultivate farms. They can start to develop several types of vegetable crops to fulfill their daily needs. Furthermore, they can be an example for the surrounding community as a form of food security movement that starts from the household. ***

Every year April 21st is celebrated as Kartini’s Day. This celebration is a form of respect for the dedication of Raden Ajeng Kartini as the pioneer of education and emancipation for women in Indonesia. Therefore, Kartini Day is a day when Indonesian women express themselves as women who are equal to the opposite sex. The development of a dynamic era shows the existence of women as a role in the state, nation, and household. In the digital era, the emancipation of women made women more able to actualize and tell the world about themselves, with various aspects such as education, culture, society, business, and many more.

In celebration of Kartini Day, through the Multiplication program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba, the Kawara Panamung weaving group held various outdoor competitions, such as futsal, whispering words, and putting pencils in bottles using sarongs (Thursday, 21/04/2022) at Tanatuku weaving workshop. Although it was difficult to play futsal using sarongs, the event went so lively. Laughter and jokes always happened when the women had difficulty to kick the ball, even when there was a participant who kicked or fell wrong, all could not help but laughing. Debi Hada Indah, a weaving group member, admitted that it was the first time she took part in futsal wearing a sarong. She looked happy and full of laughter when she saw her friends kick the ball but she missed. Other competitions are not less exciting such as whispering words, especially words commonly used from vocabulary related to weaving stages that are being learned and practiced.

At the end of the competition, all members of the weaving group looked very happy when they received prizes in the form of basic needs. After the competition was over, the recording of the competition activities was shown on the Kawara Panamung YouTube channel, so that families, relatives, and the wider community could witness the excitement of the competition. Many appreciated the enthusiasm of the women participating in the competition. Nicodemus Njurumana, the village head of Tanatuku was proud when he watched the Kawara Panamung channel and promised to donate yarn for the weaving group.

Futsal matches become a symbol of gender equality in this modern era because so far futsal is synonymous with men. In addition, women in Tanatuku village can emulate Kartini's attitude, such as, women must always be happy doing daily tasks, be smart to educate children, be independent, and be able to synergize with men, and the most important  is women become more empowered and productive. Women can be role models of digital knowledge, especially for the family and community of Tanatuku village, and the people of East Sumba in general. Happy Kartini's Day to all today-great women. The previous R.A Kartini's struggle was the emancipation of women, however the present-day Kartini’ struggle is independent women and adaptable to the existing information technology. (EUD)***

By: Elisabeth Uru Ndaya         

Celebrating Easter differently is one of the agendas of the Kawara Panamung weaving group through the Multiplication program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba. Various competitions were held to enliven it (17/04/2022). By involving Sunday school children and youth of Sumba Christian Church (GKS) Jemaat Karunggu, the competitions were held for 2 days (14 & 16/04/2022) at the GKS Karunggu church, with a fashion show of all-weaving, Bible quizzes, karaoke, and outdoor activities such as bite the crackers, bite the spoon and tug of war. One interesting point is all participants in the competition are required to wear traditional Sumba clothes to introduce the culture and woven cloth of East Sumba to children and youth of GKS Karunggu.

The competition was opened by the Pastor of the GKS Karunggu congregation, Rev.Petrus Ndakularak, S.Th. In his speech, he expressed his gratitude to the Multiplication program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba for supporting the implementation of these activities and motivating services at GKS Karunggu, especially the women's group who are members of Kawara Panamung. More than one hundred children as the delegation of each region and the presence of their parents attended the competition and made a lively atmosphere there.

The children confidently performed their talents and skills in fashion show competitions both in front of the audience and the camera. The atmosphere was getting lively and more exciting when the participants of the Sunday school children went up to the stage one by one. They dressed in traditional clothes and waddled on their feet on the carpet like professional models with the youngest participant aged 2 years. However, some participants looked confused on the stage. Some walked in a harmony with the rhythm of the music, but some rushed off the stage. The parents were excited to see their children waddling in the fashion show competition. They looked touched and proud to see their children in action on stage. The same with other competitions, parents enthusiastically supported their children to perform their talents.

After the worship service on Sunday, the committee distributed the prizes to the Sunday school children and youth in the presence of their parents and congregation. This activity became a good moment for the congregation as parents and children to grow together, supporting each other with love in the family. The series of competitions were recorded in videos as material for socializing activities and learning about Sumba cultural values, values of togetherness, education for children's growth and development, as well as the spirit of the resurrection of Jesus Christ from death. The digital era has made it easier for people to interact with each other and share information and knowledge with others.***

The existence of stigma among people that often discriminate against women and assume them to be weak, helpless, stupid, dependent, problem makers, etc, ignited the Multiplication program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba which focuses on women empowerment and provides opportunities for students as the next generation to learn and discuss how to appreciate women’s potencies and to fight for the rights of the oppressed women. The discussion with such the topic on Wednesday, March 23, 2022, at Alexis cafe, Waingapu, was attended by twenty students from Unkriswina.

Rev. Dr. Suryaningasih Mila, M.Si, the resource person, conveyed directions and views on the current stigma of society against Sumbanese women. She said that the emergence of a negative mindset towards women was influenced by patriarchal culture, in which the gender concept put men to be strong, mighty, brave, working for a living, productive, and working in public spaces. Then, women are assumed as emotional, gentle, motherly, patient, weak, and helpless. The existence of patriarchal culture sometimes ignited gender inequality, gender injustice, and power relation that caused violence, exploitation, discrimination, marginalization, stigma, and oppression. The impacts of negative stigma on women make women feel inferior, insecure, powerless, restricted in movement space, and underestimated in their potencies.

On this occasion, Indah Pratiwi, a Math student of Unkriswina, asked about how women to be independent against the stigma and reach out to women in the village who were discriminated. Rev. Suryaningsih responded, “Women must build critical self-awareness by changing perspectives, become active, productive, and creative. Women fight against the stigma by empowering themselves, having the right self-concept, and being critical of a culture that is not gender-just. She also emphasized that if there are women surrounded by social stigma, we should try to build equal communication, build a circle of friendship with them, embrace and listen to their stories without judgment.”

Suryaningsih encouraged young people and women to be independent in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. Women must be technology literate, creative, and able to synergize and collaborate in order to have better bargaining power and competitiveness. This can be done by exploring one's potencies through access to education, believing in own strength, and creating space for self-development. Women can be role models and pioneers of change.

She also played a video about some young Sumbanese heroines who have worked, such as Rahel, the head of a women's farmer group, who owns a sandalwood forest, active in empowerment at the village and district level. Asti Kula held English Goes to Campus, Ampri Magi built a Sumba nature school, and Elisabeth Uru Ndaya formed a weaving group and was active in the empowerment of young people at the level of village and district.

At the end of the discussion, the participants wrote their impressions and messages. Iwan, a Law student, stated that the discussion was very interesting by adding insight and teaching him how to respect women. He hoped there will be a discussion regarding violence in dating. Ita, a Math student, felt very motivated by this discussion which made her more confident and wanted to develop her potencies. Women can do it! (EUD) ***

By: Frans Fredy Kalikit Bara.               

The decreasing interest of young people in Indonesia to return to the village and plunge themselves into the real sector is one of the national issues discussed for a long time. Based on data from the Statistics Center in 2021 in terms of age, around 17,29% or 6,61 million are agricultural workers aged less than 30 years, then around 29,15% or 11,14 million people aged 30-44 years, then around 32,39% or as many as 12,38 million people aged between 45–59 years, and around 21,7% or 8,09 million people aged over 60 years. From the data above, it appears that the interest of the younger generation to love agriculture is still low. But there is an interesting thing, in Sumba the number of young people working in the agricultural sector is starting to increase. Starting with the number of 4 people, now it is increasing to 25 people within 2 years (2018-2020)

In a response to it, Stube HEMAT through a multiplication program facilitated a dialogue with the theme “Young people return to the village to build a village” which was held in Lambanapu (21/03/2022), starting at 09.00 until finished. Currently, villages demand youth intervention to manage village existing potencies. Young people are seen as a tough generation, have a progressive perspective on short-term and long-term development, creative and innovative. The main resource persons in this dialogue are Drs. Samsul Widodo, MA (expert staff for the ministry of relations between institutions of the Ministry of Villages, under-developed villages, and transmigration) and Yuli Sri Wilanti, S.Pi., M.P (assistant of the deputy for horticultural agribusiness development at the coordinating ministry for the economy and staff for the coordinating ministry for the economy).

The first speaker emphasized that Sumba's youth have a sense of concern for developing their village. The purpose of coming to Sumba besides field visiting as a form of initial observation and finding solutions to support village development, it finds local heroes as well. A local hero is a young person who is actively trying to make changes in the village. The results of these actions will be used as models or examples for short of village development. Yuli Sri Wilanti, the second resource person, focused more on seeing whether the central government's programs had been optimally realized in the field or not, as well as coordinating existing programs. "Talking about agriculture means that we have to go out to the field and observe to give special attention, especially NTT province," she said.

The atmosphere of the discussion in this dialogue was quite lively and filled with interesting questions, some of the participants asked about agricultural tools, seed and fertilizer assistance, or the system of cropping patterns. Something was interesting when one of them expressed gratitude for the Seroja disaster in April 2021 because farmers switched professions from rice farming  to horticulture farming. After all, it turned out that horticulture farming is to be more profitable. The participants who attended the meeting consisted of Unkriswina students majoring in Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Kambera district Head, Lambanapu Village Head, Head of BP3K Lambanapu, PPL, Director of Caritas Waitabula, community leaders, and members of Panah Merah farmer of Sumba Farmers. Hopefully, from this dialogue, more young people will love the world of agriculture, they are willing to return to the village and be agents of change and local heroes having a positive influence to the region, the environment, and society. ***

Multiplicator of Stube HEMAT in Sumba.         

After Soraja storm hit Sumba in 2021, most farmers switched their professions as formerly they were rice farmers with monoculture system, then they were forced to grow corn and horticultural crops. It must be admitted that the farmers tend to have instant mentality with abundant water and normal irrigation, but in this condition, they had to work hard to find water sources to keep their plants alive. The dam construction process keeps going and it is nearly finished, only the irrigation needs to be dredged off mud.

In August 2021, the millennial farmer group with the Field Coordinator from PT. East-West seed Indonesia (Elias Taemnanu) held an audience with the regent of East Sumba about the support of drip irrigation and large tractor facilities for farmers who were affected by the Soraja Storm. The support was realized at the end of August 2021 and the lands of the young farmer were plowed by two large tractors, while the drip irrigation support was realized in March 2022. Then, the young farmers started to use a new watering system, namely simple drip irrigation, which can save time, effort, and cost. Other advantages of this irrigation system are watering right on the stem of the plant, suppressing weed growth, and fitting the amount of water according to the plants’ needs.

On the symbolic harvest of Gustavo F1 tomatoes (09/03/2021) in Stefanus’ fields, the Regent of East Sumba consistently supports farmers to meet the food needs in East Sumba. The Millennial farmers will also continue to carry out agricultural activities to improve the household economy and consumption and supply the food demands of East Sumba.***

Digital marketing is a form of marketing through the internet. Some of the social media commonly used are Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, WA, website, and email marketing. People doing business prefer to promote using digital marketing in the last decade. The development of modern information and communication technology drives most people to spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world. Digital marketing is an effective device considering more digital consumers than conventional marketing. Therefore, micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) needs to expand to digital marketing as a way to minimize the declining income due to the pandemic.

Referring to the opportunity of digital marketing for MSME, the Kawara Panamung weaving group needs to learn more about it, so the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba invited Robinson Umbu Hunggurami, S.I.Kom, as speaker in a group discussion at the Kawara Panamung weaving workshop (Wednesday, 20/03/2022). He is a tied weaving businessman who is expert in digital marketing.

Among the weaving group participants, students, and young people, Umbu Robinson Hunggurami, S.I.Kom., shared his experience promoting his weaving business on social media that has been running for two years. Many of his woven fabrics were sold overseas, such as to the United Kingdom, Philippines, English, and French. He provides Instagram and Facebook accounts for the promotion of woven fabrics. He gave tips on how to sell woven fabrics through social media so that local and foreign consumers buy the products. He emphasizes promoting the quality for the domestic market share, while for the foreign market share, he adds a story behind the woven fabric, without reducing its quality. He also shared the benefits of using digital marketing for woven fabric businesses, such as 1) facilitating interaction with customers, 2) reducing promotional costs, 3) reaching more consumers, and 4) getting higher income.

The participants admitted that they were very motivated by the experience of the business run by Umbu Hunggurami. Mersita, a student at Unkriswina, expressed her desire to use her social media to help promote woven fabrics on her media account. “Digital world is very closely related to the lives of the younger generation. Therefore, it provides a big opportunity for young people to take a role in digital-based marketing or online marketing," said Umbu Hunggurami.

Meriance Danga, the weaving group participant, asked about what kind of quality fabrics are fond by consumers when promoting the woven fabric. The resource person emphasized the quality of the fabric, the fabric that uses natural dyes, clear motifs, sustainable color, and solid weaving which produces beautiful and cool looks.

The digital era requires businessmen adaptive to rapid digital developments. The discussion opened new insights and knowledge development related to social media usage as a marketing media as the concept of digital marketing. ***

One of the keys to the success of any business is good management, so management skills must be owned by people who are involved in a business. Moreover, if the business is related to profit, it is necessary to possess knowledge and skills related to management and be willing to learn and improve the quality of management to be successful, profitable, and adaptive to the challenges of the era.

The situation is experienced by pig breeders in East Sumba under the coordination of the Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba, where they have to manage their pigs well. The capacity building for the breeders through discussions and training was carried out continuously. At the beginning of 2022, they made a dialogue with academics, namely Yessy Tamu Ina, S.Pt, M.Si, a lecturer at the Faculty of Animal Husbandry of Wira Wacana Christian University, at the Apriyanto Hangga’s house in Mboka, Kanatang district, East Sumba. (Sunday, 20/2/2022). At least twenty participants consist of students and breeders joined the discussion on pig breeding management. They learned new knowledge to raise and develop pigs. In general, pig businesses consist of breeding and fattening, so they should understand intensive pig breeding management to maximize production, including breeding, pig pens, feed, sanitation, biosecurity, and disease or viruses.

Breeding is the activity of raising pigs so that they develop, through:

Fattening is part of the development of the pig business, but focuses more on understanding feeding patterns, recognizing the types of feed both manufactured and homemade and the nutrients and vitamins needed for livestock, including special care so that the weight of the pigs can increase in quickly and healthy. This makes the selling price of pigs high. Another aspect of fattening pigs is the design of the cage according to the development of the pig.

Dialogue and practice with relevant stakeholders is a process of enriching knowledge where the breeders will have better livestock management skills and finally produce quality and profitable pig products. This success will indirectly improve the standard of living and the welfare of the community. ***

Women and Sumba traditions are inseparable. One of the Sumba traditions that are still done is marriage customs, where the groom gives dowry to the bride. The dowry, commonly animals, is based on the number requested by the family. The animals were brought by the groom to show appreciation to the bride and their families. However, as time goes by with the development of technology, some people abuse the Sumba tradition and others use it to deceive and even oppress women after being given dowry. Students and women should learn about the culture correctly as early as possible.

The Multiplication Program of Stube HEMAT in Sumba which focuses on women, culture, and digital provides opportunities for students and women to learn and understand the culture and traditions of the Sumbanese people through discussion forums (17/02/2022). Students from Unkriswina and several career women joined the outdoor discussion at the Grein cafe, Sandlewood park which has a cool and relaxing atmosphere. The discussion on 'Women and the Potential of Sumba' was moderated by Mely Njurumana, SE.

Elisabeth Uru Ndaya as the multiplicator started the discussion by introducing Stube HEMAT and the importance of students and women to understand the traditions of Sumba. Mayun E. Nggaba, M.Pd, a lecturer and women-Sumba culture watch, emphasized that Sumba culture is truly unique. In the customary marriage tradition, there is dowry, and the pride of Sumba’s women is appreciated. However, as time goes, the value of Sumba marriage shifted. The misunderstanding on dowry becomes a reason why Sumbanese women are not involved in the important forums, as if they have been ‘bought’, they are only responsible for taking care of the household and following all decisions made by their men or husbands. Even though the truly Sumba culture is not like that, when a man prepares for the wedding, he consults his mother or his bride about the number of dowries. Women have an important role in livelihood both as a wife and a mother.  However, sometimes women themselves narrow their views on the status of women.

The discussion became more lively when the participants shared their knowledge about women and the tradition of Sumba. Novia, one of the participants said, "We cannot say that the Sumbanese tradition oppresses women without knowing and understanding the real culture." Meanwhile, Etris, an Agribusiness student, told that when her sister was proposed to, she would not ask for a high dowry, because she did not want her sister to suffer and be oppressed. Osin Njurumana, a village midwife, shared her experience while dealing with pregnant women. She often met underage pregnant women and had children because their parents forced them to marry for dowry. When a question was asked, they were giving up on the situation for fear of being beaten by their families. The resource person responded that this kind of habit must be stopped and we as the next generation should start better from now on.

Mayun conveyed two main points: the higher the education, hopefully, we understand more about the culture, and the culture of Sumba actually does not oppress women. Through the discussion, the students and everyone involved should be sensitive to the surroundings and advocate for the oppressed-women victims. Let’s be dignified and be broad-minded women, so that, no one can underestimate the pride of a woman. ***

A thriving and profitable pig breeding is every pig breeder’s dream, including in Sumba, because pigs are an important necessity in Sumba. Slowly but surely the pig breeding is getting up after being hit by the virus. The development of pig farming cannot depend on one party, only the breeders, but synergize with other parties, in this case, the government through the animal husbandry office of East Sumba regency so that the breeders know the government policies and the government also knows what the pig breeders face.

This interaction was initiated by the Multiplicator of Stube HEMAT in Sumba which focus on pig breeding at Alexis Cafe, Waingapu, (3/2/2022). The multiplicator invited a veterinarian, Yohanes Anggung Praing, M.Sc., the Head of animal husbandry office of East Sumba Regency. He explained a topic on ‘Grand Design’ of Pig Breeding Management and its development strategy in East Sumba to the participants consisting of twenty students and six pig farmers. He also appreciated the gathering activity of students and breeders. Grand Design of Pig Breeding and the Development Strategy after the virus attack are two parts that work together. After the virus attack, the government, the community, and those who are concerned about pig breeding tried various things. The government gave attention to what the breeders faced, but the government could not respond quickly because of the restrictions due to Covid 19, where meetings are limited and the budget is prioritized to handle Covid. When the condition improves, the government immediately works on it.

Government guidelines on animal husbandry, especially pigs, focus on 1) Pig Breeding/Preparing brooders for the community through a revolving system, from the livestock development budget of the Animal husbandry office in the fiscal year in 2022 provides 200 prospective sows to be distributed to breeding groups or society. Prospective recipients will be selected strictly so that the procurement of sows is successful and not misdirected so that in the coming year the pig breeding will be improved and it will become a flagship in East Sumba. 2) The application of Pig Breeding Biosecurity become standard considering the African Swine Fever (ASF) virus is very virulent and able to survive outside the animal, such as in dry meat, manure, and easily spreads through flies, other animals, and even human. The current regulation applies that every pig that enters and leaves certain areas, must be sterilized, free of ASF virus, or have a virus-free certificate issued by the authorities of the area of ​​origin. Even, food containing pork must be virus-free based on documents from the authorities, to keep the improvement of pig breeding. 3) The current livestock development strategy focus on the breeder level, such as sterile cage conditions and well air-circulation. Traditionally, people raise pigs by releasing them in their yards, but to improve the quality, pigs must be kept in cages. Then the food supply is not mixed with other livestock, every pig that enters an area must have a clear origin and have a health record according to the standards issued by the relevant agency.

The speaker's presentation opened participants’ insight so that they were enthusiastic to develop pig breeding. The Animal Husbandry office itself is widely open to accept the community inputs, moreover, the office itself promoted the pig breeding group of Stube HEMAT Multiplication in Sumba as partners in the pig breeding development program in East Sumba and obtain livestock.

When synergies from parties related to pig breeding are established properly and sustainably, it becomes a strong asset for the rise of pig breeding in East Sumba. Come on, young people and pig breeders, move ahead with Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba to rise and grow.***

The presence of Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba which focuses on women, culture, and the digital economy gives a new color to the lives of women in Sumba, especially in Tanatuku village. The program provides understanding and awareness for women to continuously increase their capacity and self-confidence so that they can participate in the development and support the improvement of family economic welfare. The existence of tied weaving as a heritage from generation to generation is one of the tasks to preserve local culture.

The women's weaving group in Tanatuku village, named Kawara Panamung, is a group of young women who are dropped out of school and housewives. The awareness to take part in preserving the weaving culture is the love evidence from the women of Tanatuku village for their local culture. It has been almost two years that they have learned weaving, starting from zero until producing artworks. They are not descendants of weavers or from families of weavers, so they do not learn or practice weaving since childhood. Their daily life is farming during the rainy season and just staying at home in the dry season. There are only four months of the rainy season and the rest is the dry season during a year. At the beginning of the year, the women start to cultivate crops. The consequence is they did not practice weaving for a month because they are busy in their fields, but it did not divert their passion for working as weaving craftsmen.

The group re-gathered to start weaving activities (29/1/2022) after they had finished planting. On that occasion, Elisabeth Uru Ndaya as the program assistant gave an overview of the program what they will do in the following months, what motifs will be designed, preparation for the supply of natural dyes, and preparation of a business platform to help them promote their products immediately. The participants seemed to be more active to speak and express their opinions. Katrina Njola, one of them, motivated her friends, "I've finished planting rice, now I am focusing just on weaving while waiting for the rice grows. All of us have finished planting, so let's get work this thread to become woven cloth," she said with an accent that looked so enthusiastic. All the participants agreed to work enthusiastically for weaving, hoping that the rice they had planted will thrive and no longer be attacked by locusts.

They also hope to continue the construction of the weaving house as their dream place to be free to be creative, in addition to learning new things about the digital market. ***

The soil fertility is fluctuated and even decreasing due to monoculture farming behavior and focusing only one type of plant. Another habit is doing no crop rotation. Such problems also occur among farmers in Lambanapu and the surroundings. The consequences impact of the habits cause the declining quality of food productions. Based from the situation above, Stube HEMAT through multiplication activity discussed with a theme ‘Maintaining soil conservation to realize sustainable agriculture’ (Saturday, 22/01/2022).

From the theme, F.X Bambang Broto Kiswarno, the source person, explained agriculture in harmony with nature and back to nature to maintain and to protect the surrounding environment compared with the farming behavior that destroys it. During the discussion, he revealed the steps how to keep the soil while implanting patterns of monocultures, how to make Trichoderma (functional microorganism as biological fertilizer soil), PGPR (root bacteria that improve plant growth), MOL (starter microorganisms in decomposition and fermentation), and eco-enzymes (organic waste that fermented into organic fertilizer).

This activity took place at Lambanapu with students, church youth, and community activists of horticultural agriculture. In this training, the resource person introduced new things such as PGPR, MOL, Eco-enzymes, and Trichoderma. The participants were so curious and they don’t only recorded the material presented but also practised the process of making PGPR, MOL, Trichoderma, and Eco-enzymes. This method can help them to understand more deeply the material presented.

This training opened the understanding to know the steps how to take care of soil from excessive farming behavior, and participants were able to make PGPR, Trichoderma, Eco-enzymes, and MOL that can use on their farmland.***

There are adolescent girls as victims of promiscuity and pregnancy out of marriage both in urban areas and villages like in the Nggaha Ori Angu district. It happens because teenagers, especially in rural areas, face a transition of values so that they are trapped in promiscuity and premarital sexual behavior. It was accelerated by advancing information technology that is easily accessed bringing both positive and negative impacts.

Adolescent girls need to know the health of their reproductive organs and how to maintain them because they are vulnerable to infection with HIV/AIDs and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Therefore, the problems of adolescent reproductive health need special attention. The Multiplication of Stube HEMAT in Sumba collaborated with Child Fund organization to socialize the issue to the youth in Tanatuku village, considering that they are easily influenced by new things both positive and negative. Ignorance of reproductive issues can lead to pre-marital pregnancies, abortions, free sex, and even drug abuse.

The socialization was held at the Kawara Panamung weaving house by Viktor Ndena from  Child Fund (Friday, 18/01/2023). Some village youth as the caring generation attended the event. They were provided with material on reproductive health and the bad effects of promiscuity. The presenter introduced the reproductive organs belong to both men and women and how to take care of them. After that, he explained what HIV/AIDS is and how it is transmitted, which can occur due to excessive use of needles, frequent changing of partners (sexual intercourse), and blood transfusions contaminated with HIV/AIDS.

On this occasion, Alfin Lestari, a village youth, explained the current youth interaction that affects future life. Yulen Tanggu Hana, a student at STT Lewa, also gave her view on how to be a healthy teenager and free from bad relation. She asked, "Are there any boys here who have girlfriends?" The youths simultaneously answered "Yes" while blushing. Yulen also reminded them to be careful in dating. Viktor once again emphasized the consequences of promiscuity which will impact oneself, such as being ostracized by the environment, experiencing shame, feeling inferior and even having a worse future.

The activity is expected to educate young people in Tanatuku village, so they can understand and maintain reproductive health and can inform their peers around them about reproductive health. ***